Beef Barbacoa Calories 4 Oz Raw
From offscreen friendships and jarring pay inequality to the special effects and makeup tricks that brought some of the world'southward favorite moving-picture show characters to life, The Wizard of Oz (1939) had so much going on behind the emerald pall and the Technicolor gloss of an amazing fantasy world.
In honor of the 80th ceremony of the flick, follow the yellow brick slideshow to peek backside that curtain and learn more about the secrets and fun facts that make the beloved motion picture a timeless classic.
Margaret Hamilton Was a Fan Earlier the Flick
As a cocky-proclaimed lifelong fan of Fifty. Frank Baum's Oz series, Margaret Hamilton was thrilled to be considered for a role in the 1939 moving-picture show accommodation. Hamilton called her amanuensis to enquire which character the producers wanted her to play, and her agent famously said, "The witch — who else?"
Hamilton, a single mother, fought MGM for an agreed upon amount of guaranteed work time. Three days before filming began, the studio agreed to a five-calendar week deal. In the end, Hamilton was on set for 3 months, but many of her scenes were cut for being too scary for audiences.
Dorothy'due south Original Look Was More Pic Star Than Farm Daughter
Sure, Dorothy Gale doesn't need prosthetics or aluminum makeup, but that doesn't mean Judy Garland wasn't put through the costume section wringer. Although she was young at the fourth dimension, the xvi-yr-erstwhile Garland had to wear a corset-similar device so she looked more than like a preadolescent kid.
Director Richard Thorpe suggested Garland vesture a blonde wig and loads of "babe-doll" makeup (as any preadolescent daughter would…). Luckily, that vision of the character inverse. After MGM fired Thorpe, the intermediate director George Cukor nixed the heavy makeup and wig. Instead, he told Garland to exist herself. Smart move.
The "Skywriting" Scene Employed Some Great Movie Magic
The Magician of Oz employs a lot of cracking motion picture tricks, and some of the near unique were used in the skywriting scene. In it, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) flies above the Emerald Metropolis, leaving the phrase "Surrender Dorothy" in her wake in black smoke.
Using a hypodermic needle, the special furnishings team spread blackness ink across the lesser of a drinking glass tank that was filled with a thick, tinted liquid (some speculate milk). They wrote the phrase in reverse and filmed the scene from below. Initially, the skywriting concluded with the ominous "Or Dice — W West W."
The "Snow" in the Poppy Field Was Actually Dangerous
1 of the Wicked Witch's concluding-ditch efforts to impede Dorothy'south quest to meet the Wonderful Sorcerer of Oz involves a poppy field and some magical sleep-inducing snow. While many like to joke that the poppies and their drowsiness are the result of opium (a component of poppies), the scene has a much more blatant toxic connectedness than that.
All that magical snow? It'southward actually 100% industrial-grade chrysotile asbestos. Fifty-fifty though the wellness risks associated with the material were known at the fourth dimension, it was yet Hollywood'southward preferred choice for faux snow. Our communication to Dorothy? Don't catch whatever snowflakes on your tongue.
Scarecrow's Makeup Stuck Effectually for Awhile
In the end, Ray Bolger (Scarecrow) was probably grateful in more means than 1 for Buddy Ebsen (the original Tin Homo'due south) willingness to merchandise parts with him. The Tin Man'south aluminum makeup caused a huge amount of problems for Ebsen, who was replaced by Jack Haley.
Although Bolger's makeup feel was better than Ebsen's, he still had some issues. The Scarecrow'southward makeup consisted of a safe prosthetic, complete with a woven pattern that mimicked the await of burlap. Later on the film wrapped, the prosthetic left patterns on Bolger's face that took more than than a year to fade.
Margaret Hamilton Was Burned On Gear up
In a burst of flames and ruby smoke, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) vanishes from Munchkinland. Although the scene is terrifying for viewers, it may have instilled more fear for Hamilton. On the starting time take, the smoke rose from a hidden trapdoor too early.
For the 2d take, Hamilton stood on the trapdoor as planned, just her greatcoat snagged on the platform when the fire flared up. Her copper-containing makeup heated up instantly, causing second- and third-degree burns on her hands and face. To make matters worse, the crew tried to remedy her burns with (an fifty-fifty more painful) acetone solvent.
The Flying Monkeys Became Falling Monkeys
The Wicked Witch'due south legion of flying monkeys — or Winged Monkeys as they're called in the source cloth — take certainly been a source of terror for generations. Almost as scary equally the Witch herself, these henchmen soar onto the scene to kidnap Dorothy and Toto — thanks to the magic of piano wires.
However, the aeriform stunt went amiss when several of the piano wires snapped, sending actors plummeting a few feet to the soundstage floor. To create such a vast troupe of monkeys (and cut down on human marionettes), filmmakers fabricated miniature rubber monkeys to help populate the heaven.
"Over the Rainbow" Was Almost on the Cutting Room Floor
To no ane's surprise, the American Film Institute ranked "Over the Rainbow" #1 on a listing of 100 Greatest Songs in American Films. But what may surprise you? The (arguably) near iconic song of Judy Garland's career was almost cut from the film.
Studio execs at MGM thought the song made the Kansas scenes too long. Moreover, filmmakers were concerned that children wouldn't understand the song'southward meaning. Luckily, this unfounded concern melted like lemon drops. Unfortunately, Garland'south tearful reprise of the song was left on the cutting room floor.
The Tin Man Costume Didn't Allow Jack Haley to Rest Easy
Although Bert Lahr had to schlep around in a xc-pound lion costume, Jack Haley didn't take information technology like shooting fish in a barrel either. From the lingering concerns about the aluminum paste-based makeup on his face and hands to the minimal flexibility of the "tin" torso and arms, Haley faced some challenges.
Reportedly, his costume was and so stiff that he had to lean against a board to residual properly. Many years later, actor Anthony Daniels, known for playing the protocol droid C-3PO in the Star Wars films, had the same issue with his rigid costume. It seems even fantasy and sci-fi tin't help folks escape all their problems.
The Original Tin Man Was Rushed to the Infirmary
Initially, Buddy Ebsen was cast as the Scarecrow, merely traded parts with Ray Bolger. Withal, Ebsen's new character, the Tin Human, acquired him a earth of issues. Namely, the character'due south silver makeup contained a harmful aluminum dust that coated Ebsen's lungs.
To make matters worse, Ebsen had an allergic reaction, and, unable to breathe, he was rushed to the infirmary. MGM recast the function with Jack Haley (and changed up the makeup), simply didn't explain why Ebsen "dropped out." Although Ebsen didn't announced in the final pic, his vocals can be heard in "We're Off to See the Sorcerer."
A Stocking & Some Miniatures Gave Us the Tornado
The tornado that strikes the Gale homestead is full of practical special furnishings that really hold up. The funnel itself was really a 35-foot long stocking made of muslin. The special effects team spun it around miniatures that resembled the farms and fields of Kansas. Against the painted backdrop, the tornado looks menacing.
The Gale firm, which falls from the sky and into Oz, is but a miniature house that was dropped onto a sky painting. Filmmakers so reversed the footage to brand information technology look similar the house was falling out of the clouds.
Hollywood Didn't Pay Up So Either
Pay inequality has always been an effect in Hollywood. For example, Adriana Caselotti, voice of the titular character in Walt Disney's Snowfall White and the 7 Dwarfs (1937), fabricated $970 for her functioning. The film went on to brand roughly $8 million.
According to the Los Angeles Times, Judy Garland's pay was amend than Caselotti'southward — playing Dorothy earned her $500 a calendar week — but it still didn't reflect the film's success. Fifty-fifty more discouraging, the folks who portrayed the citizens of Munchkinland were paid a mere $50 per week. (Meanwhile, Terry the dog earned $125 per week as Toto. A existent yikes.)
Bert Lahr's Lion Costume Was Taxing
Originally, MGM thought it might cast its mascot — the actual king of beasts used in the studio'south title card — as the cowardly character. Fortunately, for the safety of the actors and the animal, the filmmakers decided to cast actor Bert Lahr as the anthropomorphic character instead.
To make a disarming creature, the costume department fashioned Lahr a ninety-pound outfit fabricated from real lion skin. Notwithstanding, the arc lights used on set made things a steamy 100 degrees during filming, which meant Lahr did a lot of sweating unrelated to his graphic symbol's fretfulness. Each night, two stagehands dried the costume for the next solar day.
The Initial Box Office Returns Were Uneven
The movie started shooting in October of 1938 but didn't wrap until March of 1939, racking up an unheard of $2,777,000 in costs. That's almost $50 million adapted for inflation. Upon its initial release, the picture simply earned $3 one thousand thousand at the box function — about $51.8 million past today's standards.
Although that seems impressive for a Low-era film, remember that Disney made $8 million with Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937). The Wizard of Oz'southward modest success in the U.Due south. barely covered production and moving-picture show rights' costs — MGM paid $75,000 to the publisher for those — only success overseas fortunately bolstered the film's returns.
The Night Side of Oz in a Time Before "Me Too"
Judy Garland was just xvi years old when she was cast equally Dorothy. Insecure and lonesome, she became addicted to amphetamines and barbiturates, which were oft given to young actors to help them slumber after studios shot them up with adrenaline so they could work long hours.
The spotlight — and her damaging contract with MGM — didn't help, leading to her lifelong struggles with an eating disorder and alcoholism. According to a author for Express, "[Garland] was molested by older men, including studio chiefs [and head Louis B. Mayer], who considered her little more than their 'property.'" Moreover, MGM forced Garland to stick to a wildly unhealthy nutrition of cigarettes, coffee and chicken soup.
The Voice of Snow White Had a Cameo
A few years before The Wizard of Oz debuted, Walt Disney'southward feature-length animated flick Snowfall White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) became a boom-hit. Not only did the film revolutionize the animation industry, it besides reinvigorated the fantasy genre.
Disney wanted to follow up Snow White — then the about successful film of all time — with an adaptation of The Sorcerer of Oz, only MGM owned the rights. By happenstance, Adriana Caselotti, who voiced Snow White, had an uncredited role in Oz. During the Tin Homo'southward "If I Only Had a Middle," Caselotti speaks her sole line, "Wherefore art thou Romeo?"
The Scarlet Slippers Are Props & Treasured Artifacts
Keeping in line with the book, Dorothy'southward iconic footwear was originally silver, but screenwriter Noel Langley felt the red color would really pop in glorious Technicolor. Designed by MGM's primary costume designer Gilbert Adrian, the shoes are each covered in about ii,300 sequins.
One of the remaining pairs is on view in the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History. Since the display is so heavily trafficked, the museum has replaced the carpet there several times. Another pair were stolen from Minnesota's Judy Garland Museum in 2005, but the FBI recovered the slippers for the institution in 2018.
Merely One Sequence Was Filmed "On Location"
The Wizard of Oz is your classic adventure story, and Dorothy's quest leads her from a Kansas subcontract to another world — complete with corn fields, poppy-filled meadows and forests. Yet, despite all these scenic locations, most all the scenes were shot on a soundstage.
As was customary at the fourth dimension, immense, detailed backdrops were painted by studio artists, making it possible for filmmakers to transport audiences to far away places without filming on location. In fact, the only location footage in the pic is the opening title sequence — those clouds are 100% the real deal.
A Second Toto Was Brought In
Toto, played primarily by Terry, is one of the most beloved dogs in moving-picture show history. Terry was famously not a huge fan of special effects and can oft be seen running out of a shot when something loud or alarming happens — similar when the Tin Human spouts out all of that steam.
After 1 of the Witch'due south guards accidentally stepped on her, Terry was on bedrest for two weeks. Filmmakers went through two doubles to find one that resembled the original canine actor more than closely.
Fun fact: Judy Garland was and then addicted of Terry that she wanted to prefer the dog.
Margaret Hamilton "Mourns the Wicked" Witch
In addition to existence a huge fan of the Oz books, Margaret Hamilton also believed her grapheme was more than just your run-of-the-mill evil villain. More than 35 years after the moving-picture show debuted, Hamilton, donning her Witch'south costume to testify kids it was make-believe, appeared on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, where Fred Rogers interviewed her about the grapheme.
Co-ordinate to Hamilton, the and then-chosen Wicked Witch relished everything she did, but she was too a deplorable, lone figure. In curt, things never went well for the frustrated Witch. Oddly enough, the Broadway musical Wicked also takes this arroyo to the Witch'due south character.
The "Horse of a Unlike Color" Was Fabricated Possible Thanks to a Nutrient Product
In 1939, audiences were just equally amazed every bit Dorothy, Scarecrow, Can Man and the Cowardly Lion when the horse in Emerald City took on a rainbow of colors. This "horse of a different color" was made possible thank you to a surprising food item…
Clot-O crystals were used to color the horses, which meant filmmakers had to move quickly — the animals were eager to lick up the sugariness treat. But the colorful steed isn't the only interesting component in this fan-favorite scene. The equus caballus-fatigued carriage was once owned by President Abraham Lincoln and now resides at the Judy Garland Museum.
The Makeup Department Hired on Extra Hands
From the citizens of Munchkinland and Emerald Urban center to the Witch's flying monkeys, and then many actors had to undergo a makeup transformation in lodge to requite life to this fantasy film. To continue up with the daily demands, MGM called upon workers from the studio mailroom and courier service to manage makeup stations.
Since nearly of the Ozian ensemble required prosthetics, makeup artists — and "makeshift" artists — formed a kind of costuming assembly line. Nearly actors had to arrive before 5:00 in the morning — six days a week! — to begin the intensive process.
Memorable (& Often Misquoted) Lines Fill the Film
The film is clogged of iconic, memorable songs, and it has the neat fortune of existence responsible for some of the near quoted lines in movie history also. In 2007, Premiere compiled a list of "The 100 Greatest Movie Lines" and placed a whopping iii of the film'southward lines on the list.
"Pay no attention to that man behind the mantle" was voted #24, while "There's no place like home" nabbed the 11th spot. Finally, the ofttimes misquoted "Toto, I have a feeling nosotros're not in Kansas anymore" landed in the 62nd spot.
The Witch's Fire Employed Some Technical Wizardry (& Juice)
Clearly, the technical wizardry — or witchcraft — in the movie is incredible. Similar the "equus caballus of a dissimilar color" sequence, another iconic, special effects-heavy scene harnessed the power of everyday household items to pull off fun tricks.
Before long after Dorothy arrives in Munchkinland, the Wicked Witch tries to snatch the ruby slippers from the immature girl'due south feet. Withal, fire strikes the Witch's hands, repelling her. This "fire" is actually apple juice spouting from the slippers in a sped-up clip to brand it wait more flame-like.
Technicolor Required Some Ingenuity in the Props Section
Experimenting with Technicolor was part fun and part problem-solving for filmmakers. In order to properly capture scenes with the Technicolor camera, the soundstage needed to be lit with arc lights, which ofttimes heated the set up to a toasty 100 degrees.
After the lights were set, the experts experimented with what would look best on film, especially in colorized grade. For example, the white function of Dorothy's dress is actually pink — simply because it filmed better. And the oil the Can Man is so excited about? It's actually chocolate syrup.
The Wicked Witch of the Eastward Makes More than Than One Appearance
Part of the Wicked Witch of the West'southward beef with Dorothy is that the young daughter dropped a house on her sister, the Wicked Witch of the East, who was the short-lived owner of the red slippers. Although Margaret Hamilton already plays both the Wicked Witch of the West and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, she too plays the Wicked Witch of the Eastward — if merely briefly.
During the tornado sequence, an addled Dorothy looks out her sleeping accommodation window and watches Gulch transform into a witch, her shoes shimmering. For fans, this glint indicates the witch exterior the window is wearing the cerise slippers. The restored version of the film makes that shimmer even more noticeable.
The Moving picture's Running Time Was Cut Downward Several Times
The offset cut of the motion picture clocked in at a running fourth dimension of 120 minutes. Although that seems similar zippo by today's Curiosity movie standards, producer Mervyn LeRoy felt it was long and unwieldy and wanted to chop off twenty minutes.
After cutting the famed "Jitterbug" number (top right) and an extended Scarecrow dance sequence, the film was 112 minutes long. LeRoy held a second preview screening, and, afterwards, nixed Dorothy's "Over the Rainbow" reprise, an Emerald Metropolis reprise of "Ding! Dong! The Witch Is Dead," a scene where the Tin can Man becomes a human beehive (Yikes!) and a few Kansas sequences.
So Much for a "Wicked" Witch
Filmmakers accounted Margaret Hamilton's Wicked Witch of the W performance likewise frightening for audiences and cut or trimmed many of her scenes. But not anybody idea her performance was terrifying — namely Judy Garland, who played the Wicked Witch's nemesis, Dorothy Gale.
Off-screen, the motion picture'southward starring foes were actually friends. One story that emerged from the set described Garland excitedly showing off a dress to Hamilton, declaring she was going to wear it for her graduation. Unfortunately, MGM's Louis B. Mayer sent Garland on a press tour the day of her graduation. Upset, Hamilton phoned Mayer and chewed him out.
Giving Credit to Technicolor
In the opening credits, the text reads "Photographed in Technicolor," as opposed to the more apt "Color Sequences past Technicolor." The phrasing of the credits makes it seem equally though the entire picture was shot in colour. Was this done deliberately, or was it a small syntactical faux pas?
Information technology's widely believed this was a chip of a stunt done to enhance the surprise of the film turning into total three-strip Technicolor when Dorothy arrives in Oz. Posters made at the time of the film'south debut made no mention of sepia tint (or "black-and-white"), adding credence to this theory.
One of History's Most-Watched Films
Although The Sorcerer of Oz proved popular in theaters, another film released the same twelvemonth, as well directed past Victor Fleming, really topped the box office. (You may have heard of that lilliputian movie — information technology'southward called Gone with the Current of air.) Nonetheless, MGM's musical fantasy may take more than staying ability than other films of the era, cheers in part to re-releases.
The film was showtime circulate on television on November three, 1956, and garnered an impressive 44 meg viewers. It's believed that The Wizard of Oz is one of the ten near-watched feature-length movies in film history, largely due to the number of annual television screenings, theater viewings and diverse format re-releases.
Source: https://www.ask.com/tvmovies/wizard-of-oz-facts?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740004%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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